U.S. researchers develop neural implant that restores sense of touch in people with paralysis

Researchers in the United States have enabled a man living with paralysis to partially regain motor function and sensory perception through the use of an advanced neural implant. Keith Thomas is now able to eat and drink independently and has regained the ability to perceive touch in his hand, among other sensations, El.kz reports.

In July 2020, Thomas sustained a severe cervical spinal cord injury after diving into a swimming pool, leaving him paralyzed below the chest. Several years later, researchers applied an innovative double neural bypass technology as part of an experimental intervention.

A research team led by Professor Chad Bouton of the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research developed a neurotechnology platform that establishes a direct interface between the brain and the muscles of the upper limbs. Electrodes implanted in the brain detect the individual’s intention to initiate movement. Artificial intelligence algorithms then decode these neural signals and transmit commands directly to the arm muscles, bypassing the damaged section of the spinal cord.

At the same time, pressure sensors positioned on the fingers relay sensory information back to the brain. This bidirectional system enables not only the restoration of voluntary hand movement but also the partial recovery of tactile sensation.

To restore sensory perception, researchers first recorded Thomas’s brain activity while he imagined experiencing different forms of touch. They subsequently stimulated the corresponding regions of the brain, facilitating the re-establishment of neural pathways associated with tactile perception.

Following 35 weeks of rehabilitation and system training, the strength of Thomas’s right arm increased by 86 percent, while strength in his left arm improved by 62 percent. He also regained the ability to feel physical contact, including the touch of his sister and the fur of his dog.

According to the research team, the patient’s nervous system progressively adapted to the neurotechnology. As a result, part of the restored sensory function remained even after the device had been switched off.

The researchers believe that, in the future, similar neural implant technologies could significantly improve motor function and sensory recovery for individuals living with severe spinal cord injuries.